New research from the University of South Florida challenges previous concerns about the negative effects of smartphones on children’s mental health, suggesting that, in some cases, smartphones could actually be beneficial.
The study, which surveyed around 1,500 middle school students aged 11 to 13, found that children who owned smartphones reported higher self-esteem and fewer feelings of depression compared to those without the devices. Specifically, 80% of smartphone owners reported not feeling depressed, compared to just 69% of non-owners.
While the study initially expected to find negative outcomes related to smartphone use, the results showed that children with smartphones were more likely to spend time with friends in person and had stronger social connections. “It appears that just as adults need smartphones for vibrant, thriving social lives, kids do as well,” said Justin Martin, a professor of media ethics at the University of South Florida.
However, the study also highlighted that it’s not just the amount of screen time that matters, but how children use their phones. Engaging with social media, for instance, was linked to higher levels of anxiety and depression in some children. Researchers emphasized that the content and type of interactions—rather than just the duration of screen time—are critical factors in determining the impact on mental health.
This study challenges previous research, including a 2022 study that connected frequent smartphone use with poorer mental health outcomes. Despite these differences, researchers acknowledged the complexities of smartphone use, noting that while the devices can enhance social connections, excessive social media engagement can have detrimental effects on mental well-being.
